Gwendal Fève (LPENS, Sorbonne)
Description
Anyon braiding in mesoscopic colliders
In three-dimensional space, elementary particles are divided between fermions and bosons according to the properties of symmetry of the wave function describing the state of the system when two particles are exchanged. The situation is different in two-dimensional systems which can host exotic quasiparticles, called anyons, which obey intermediate quantum statistics characterized by an exchange phase varying between and [1,2]. As a consequence, contrary to fermions and bosons, anyons keep a robust memory of braiding operations, which consist in moving one anyon around another one.
In particular anyons have been predicted to the be the elementary excitations of the fractional quantum Hall regime, obtained by applying a strong magnetic field perpendicular to a two-dimensional conductor. I will discuss recent experiments realized in fractional quantum Hall conductors to demonstrate the fractional statistics of anyons [3, 5-6], focusing on the anyon collider geometry [7], where anyon braiding can be revealed by studying the partitioning of dilute anyon beams by a beam splitter.
References:
[1] B. I. Halperin, Phys. Rev. Lett. 52, 1583–1586 (1984).
[2] D. Arovas, J. R. Schrieffer, F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 53, 722–723 (1984).
[3] H. Bartolomei et al., Science 368, 173 (2020).
[4] J. Nakamura S. Liang, G. C. Gardner, and M. J. Manfra, Nature Physics 16, 931 (2020).
[5] M. Ruelle et al., Phys. Rev. X 13, 011031 (2023).
[6] M. Ruelle et al., arXiv:2409.08685 (2024)
[7] B. Rosenow, I. P. Levkivskyi, B. I. Halperin, Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 156802 (2016).